Biology of the new interleukin-1 family cytokine IL-38

Biology of the new interleukin-1 family cytokine IL-38

Dr. Gaby Palmer, University of Geneva School of Medicine and University Hospital Geneva

The aim of this project is to investigate the biology and potential anti-inflammatory effects of a cytokine called IL-38. The role of IL-38 in the control of immune responses is not yet understood, but our research indicates that it may be implicated in certain autoimmune diseases. We recently detected IL-38 expression in three chronic inflammatory diseases, namely rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis and Crohn’s disease. We also observed anti-inflammatory effects of IL-38 in different experimental systems. In this project, we will further investigate the regulation of IL-38 production, its cellular function, mechanisms of action and anti-inflammatory properties.
Neutralization of key mediators of inflammation such as TNF-a, IL-1 or IL-6 through therapies using biological response modifiers have revolutionised the treatment for several chronic inflammatory diseases. However, not all inflammatory diseases are sensitive to the same cytokine inhibitor(s). In addition, the effectiveness of these therapies varies between patients, and a significant proportion of patients do not respond to the treatments currently available. There is thus an urgent need to design new therapeutic strategies, which might involve the identification of new pathogenic or protective cytokines.

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